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Oral Sex Is Fueling An 'epidemic' Of Throat Cancer, Doctor Warns

Symptoms include a persistent sore throat, trouble swallowing or opening the mouth, difficulty moving the tongue and lumps in the mouth, throat and neck.Getty Images/iStockphoto

"However, a small number of people are not able to get rid of the infection, maybe due to a defect in a particular aspect of their immune system," writes Mehanna.

"In those patients, the virus is able to replicate continuously, and over time integrates at random positions into the host's DNA, some of which can cause the host cells to become cancerous."

UK study discovered that the country's female-only vaccine regimen could significantly reduce HPV-related oropharyngeal cancers. Currently, the HPV vaccine is aimed at preventing reproductive cancers, although the CDC said it does offer protection against the strains of the virus that also cause oropharyngeal cancer.

The current guidance in the US advises 11- and 12-year-olds to receive

two doses of the HPV vaccine, but individuals from the ages of 9 to 26 are approved to receive it.

Yet only about

54% of adolescents had received the vaccine as of 2020.

"Over 90% of HPV-associated cancers could be prevented with the HPV vaccination, yet vaccine uptake remains suboptimal," study author Eric Adjei Boakye said in a statement.

His research for the American Association for Cancer Research published this month revealed the lack of knowledge around HPV.

Oral Sex Is Fuelling Worrying New 'epidemic', Doctor Warns

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6 Mouth Cancer Symptoms Everyone Should Know As Cases Skyrocket

Cases of mouth cancer have grown by more than a third over the last decade, according to a recent report, placing renewed emphasis on the importance of knowing the symptoms and having them checked out early.

According to research published by the Oral Health Foundation, 8,864 people in the UK were diagnosed with the disease in 2021, up 36 per cent on a decade ago, with 3,034 people dying with the illness within the year.

That represents an increase in deaths of 40 per cent in the last 10 years and a 20 per cent rise in the last five.

"Traditional causes like smoking and drinking alcohol to excess are quickly being caught up by emerging risk factors like the human papillomavirus (HPV)," said Dr Nigel Carter, chief executive of the Oral Health Foundation.

"The stigma around mouth cancer has changed dramatically. It's now a cancer that really can affect anybody.

"We have seen first-hand the devastating effect mouth cancer can have on a person's life. It changes how somebody speaks, it makes eating and drinking more difficult, and often changes a person's physical appearance.

"We urge everybody to become more 'mouth aware' by being able to recognise the early warning signs of mouth cancer and to be aware of the common causes.

"Most importantly, if you notice anything unusual, please don't delay and seek help from a doctor or dentist."

The NHS explains that mouth cancer occurs when a tumour develops on the surface of the tongue, the inside of the cheeks, the roof of the mouth or the lips or gums.

Less commonly, tumours can also develop on the glands that produce saliva, your tonsils and the pharynx, the part of your throat connecting your mouth to the windpipe.

Oral cancer symptoms include:

Painful mouth ulcers that do not heal, even after several weeks

Persistent lumps forming in the mouth or neck

Loose teeth or sockets that do not heal after extractions

Numbness of the lip or tongue

White or red patches forming on the lining of the mouth or tongue

Changes in your speech, such as the sudden development of a lisp

Woman Has Tongue 'Re-made' After Being Told Mouth Ulcers Were Caused By Wisdom Teeth

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If you experience any of the above symptoms and they do not disappear after three weeks, you are advised to have them looked at by a GP or dentist, particularly if you regularly smoke or drink alcohol, both of which are believed to increase your risk of contracting the condition.

Infection by HPV, as alluded to by Dr Carter above, is another common cause.

Mouth cancer is treated in three ways: by the removal of the cancerous cells by surgery, by radiotherapy or by chemotherapy.

These methods might be attempted in combination to ensure the cancer does not return and in the interest of preserving the functions of the mouth.

As preventative measures, the NHS recommends reducing your tobacco and alcohol intake and maintaining a healthy, balanced diet that includes fresh vegetables, particularly tomatoes, plus citrus fruits, olive oil and fish.

Regular dental check-ups are also advised to ensure any possible symptoms are spotted early.

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What is HPV